This case asks whether law enforcement may permissibly use trickery and deception to obtain consent for a search and/or induce a confession. This case has important implications for Minnesotans’ constitutional rights to be free from unreasonable searches and compelled self-incrimination.

Immigrants' Rights

Criminal Law Reform

NEW YORK — The American Civil Liberties Union announced today that its affiliates have now filed 54 claims in 17 states and Washington, D.C. against the federal government on behalf of people who have suffered serious violence, abuse, and neglect at the hands of federal law enforcement. Since the beginning of President Trump’s second term, federal law enforcement agents have terrorized communities and people in their custody with a blatant disregard for the law. The consequences have been deadly. Conditions in ICE facilities are so inhumane that the rate of deaths in ICE custody has more than doubled since Trump’s term began, reaching its highest level in over a decade. In early July, reporting revealed that, after the White House pushed to increase arrest rates, ICE officials detained more than 10,000 people in five days. Only days later, ICE agents in unmarked vehicles shot and killed Lorenzo Salgado Araujo in Texas while he was on his way to work. The following week, a federal agent shot and killed Johan Sebastián Durán Guerrero in Maine. Across the country, ACLU affiliates are fighting back against the Trump administration’s illegal conduct by filing claims under the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), one of the few legal tools available to seek financial compensation for wrongdoing by federal government employees. Through this coordinated effort, ACLU affiliates are representing dozens of people and families who are seeking justice for the harm they experienced at the hands of federal immigration agents. “As more than 50 of these cases show, federal agents’ violence, misconduct and utter disregard for the law is rampant,” said Yasmin Cader, deputy executive director of the ACLU. “President Trump and his law enforcement officers rely on a perceived sense of impunity, but no one is above the law. This administration is making everyone in America less safe and less free. That’s why the ACLU and its affiliates are fighting back at every turn.” Each of the 54 claims that have been filed tells an individual story of someone who was brutalized by federal immigration agents. Together, they reveal a widespread pattern of civil rights violations and abuse carried out by officials nationwide, affecting people who are immigrants, U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, families, workers, and people exercising their constitutional rights. These claims put names and faces to the harm that federal law enforcement agencies have been inflicting in communities across the country. The people represented include: A mother, who was five months into a high-risk pregnancy when she was held with her four children, including her 11-month-old child, in a CBP facility for approximately four weeks. The family was held in a cell with limited access to clean running water and without any windows to the outside. Rodney, from Georgia, who was arrested by ICE agents with guns drawn while his two young children watched, and was later denied needed medical care and accessibility accommodations while in ICE custody. Willy, a U.S. citizen in North Carolina, who was on his way back from a restaurant when federal immigration agents racially profiled him, put him in a headlock, and threw him to the ground. Norma Bowe, a grandmother, professor of public health at Kean University, and registered nurse, who was assaulted in front of Delaney Hall by ICE agents while there to operate her mobile health clinic. Darren, a U.S. citizen from Illinois, who was arrested at work after DHS agents broke through a gate to reach him, after which he required hospitalization for the two chemical irritants they used against him and was left without any of his confiscated property. “My story is not just about what happened to me. It’s about the kind of country we choose to be,” said Darren, a U.S. citizen being represented by the ACLU of Illinois. “No one should lose their dignity the moment they come face to face with those who hold power.” Earlier this month, the ACLU released a report analyzing immigration enforcement actions in the first year of President Trump’s second term. The report, Agents of Chaos and Cruelty, examines more than 1,200 immigration enforcement incidents across eight states and found that more than 400 of those incidents involved misconduct by immigration agents, including excessive force, racial profiling, and intimidation and abuse. “I was violently attacked by ICE agents while I was trying to provide medical care for people visiting their loved ones in Delaney Hall,” said Dr. Norma Bowe, a registered nurse and professor of public health at Kean University being represented by the ACLU of New Jersey. “ICE agents are acting like they have impunity and are inflicting harm however and whenever they want; without accountability, more people will get hurt and die. ICE must be held responsible.” The ACLU and its affiliates will continue to work to defend the rights of everyone, including people harmed by Trump’s immigration forces, and hold the administration accountable for its unlawful and inhumane actions. Read more about the clients ACLU affiliates are representing here: https://www.aclu.org/campaigns-initiatives/the-people-v-agents-of-chaos-and-cruelty

The order sets forth the power of the independent authority to ensure ADCRR’s health care system meets constitutional standards PHOENIX – U.S. District Judge Roslyn O. Silver issued an order this past Friday, July 17, formally appointing a receiver to assume control and management of health care provided to more than 25,000 people incarcerated in Arizona Department of Corrections, Rehabilitation, and Reentry (ADCRR) prisons, in a long-running lawsuit against the state prison system brought by the Prison Law Office, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), ACLU of Arizona, and Disability Rights Arizona. In her order, the judge wrote that “during this multi-year, interminable litigation, the Court has identified entrenched systemic failures in Defendants’ administration of health care to the Plaintiff class, including (1) chronic understaffing and failure to enforce contractual provisions with the third-party vendor, (2) the persistence of nurse driven care and inappropriate assignment of complex patients to advanced practice practitioners instead of physicians, (3) failures in the referrals process, (4) data collection and reporting failures, and (5) inadequate resources, including funding and facilities.” In the order, Judge Silver appointed Annette Chambers-Smith as the receiver. Ms. Chambers-Smith was nominated by ADCRR in April to serve as the receiver, and she has a long history of prison administration, including successfully resolving similar health care litigation against the Ohio prison system. She served as director of the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Corrections from 2019 to 2026. The order sets forth the scope of Ms. Chambers-Smith’s authority, which includes providing “leadership and management of the health care system including overseeing, supervising, and directing all ADCRR employees and contract personnel who perform administrative, financial, accounting, contractual, legal, and other operational functions required to ensure constitutional health care is provided to class members.” The judge also ordered Ms. Chambers-Smith to prepare and submit within 180 days an operational plan to address and remediate all constitutional violations in the health care system that had been previously identified by the court, with a schedule for completion and resolution of the proposed remedies, including benchmarks to measure success. The receiver is also authorized to establish the budget required for health care for class members, and to work in consultation with ADCRR, the governor, and the Legislature to fund health care. The receiver also has “the authority to hire, fire, suspend, supervise, promote, transfer, discipline, and establish compensation for all ADCRR employees and contract staff who perform services related to the health care of class members. This includes implementing additional personnel policies and creating, abolishing, or transferring positions related to the health care of class members.” “Despite more than a decade of litigation, the health care system in Arizona’s prisons remains woefully understaffed and poorly managed, resulting in disastrous outcomes for incarcerated people. Every time the court experts conduct a review, they find shocking lapses of care: a patient with an untreated infection that spread to his spine and brain after he was repeatedly dismissed by medical staff; a patient diagnosed with cancer waiting more than eight months to see an oncologist; a patient with very serious mental illness offered only superficial, non-confidential check-ins through a cell door,” said Sophie Hart, managing attorney at the Prison Law Office. “Over the last decade, the federal court has used almost every tool at its disposal to get ADCRR to address this crisis, including millions of dollars in contempt fines, enforcement orders, and appointment of experts. Nothing has worked. The only remaining option with any realistic chance of success is receivership.” “While we welcome this order, it does not erase the decades of suffering that many have endured in Arizona’s prisons. This order would not have been possible without the brave, incarcerated people who have testified and shared their experiences with the federal court,” said Lauren Beall, ACLU of Arizona senior staff attorney. “The appointment of an independent receiver reporting directly to the federal court will bring relief for the thousands of people behind prison walls, and the ACLU will remain focused on keeping ADCRR accountable to their constitutional duties.” “More than three years after Judge Silver ordered Arizona officials to make comprehensive improvements to prison medical and mental health care, and over a decade after we filed this case, the state and its for-profit health care vendors have failed to address the avoidable suffering and deaths in their prisons,” said Corene Kendrick, deputy director of the ACLU National Prison Project. “Appointing a receiver is a rare step reserved for the most extreme situations, but here we are. The stakes are life and death for the people in Arizona prisons who are not receiving the care they desperately need.” “For too long people in ADCRR have been placed at risk of serious harm and death because of the lack of appropriate mental health and medical care. People with disabilities are dying, and these conditions must come to an end,” said Maya Abela, deputy legal director of Disability Rights Arizona. “The injunction must be implemented so that class members can obtain the relief the court has ordered, and at this stage it is abundantly clear that the action needed to advance this goal is appointment of a receiver.” The receiver order follows 14 years of well-documented systemic health care failures in Arizona’s prisons, despite multiple court orders and over a decade of litigation. In June 2022, Judge Silver issued a sweeping order finding ADCRR had failed to provide constitutionally adequate medical and mental health care, or conditions of confinement in isolation units, and in April 2023 she issued a detailed injunction requiring ADCRR to make substantial improvements to meet constitutional requirements. Since then, independent experts appointed by the judge have issued multiple reports detailing ADCRR’s failure to comply with the court’s orders or to take necessary actions to remedy the systemic failures, resulting in preventable deaths, permanent injuries, and needless suffering. The receiver order is here.