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СпутникиРНSpaceXРоскосмосNASAThe near miss incident has been investigated after being reported by the drone operator
A drone was in a near miss incident with two low-flying RAF planes in the skies over Gwynedd - triggering an Airprox investigation.
The drone was being operated in an area to the north east of Bala shortly before midday on March 3. It was flying at a GPS altitude of 1,174ft and was 328ft above the raised terrain below it.
Drones are permitted to operate up to 400ft in the UK without filing a NOTAM(Notice to Airmen). Sign up for the North Wales Live newsletter sent twice daily to your inbox
Two Texan aircraft were being flown in the area at the same time. Crews had planned thoroughly and briefed their route in detail before launching from RAF Valley. A Texan is a single-engine turboprop aircraft used by the Royal Air Force for Basic Flying Training.
The drone pilot was operating with an observer who informed them about the Texans over Bala.
But this was too late to take evasive action with the planes travelling at around 250kts(Around 290mph) and the drone being a fixed wing aircraft.
The planes were travelling at an altitude of around 1,200ft. The drone pilot saw them pass either side of the UAV.
Neither of the Texan pilots saw the drone - something described as "concerning, but not surprising" by Air Command in the probe into the incident.
It was reported by the drone operator - triggering the probe from the UK Airprox Board.
An Airprox report into the incident said: "An analysis of the NATS radar replay was undertaken and the Texan pair was detected using ModeS data. The Texan pair was seen to have turned towards the Trinity Pro drone’s area of operation at 1143:32, after which they were no longer visible on radar until after 1147, and to the north of the position of the reported Airprox.
"Further analysis of third-party aircraft tracking software was undertaken and the Texan pair was detected using ADS-B data. The pair was seen to enter to the Trinity Pro’s area of operation at 1144:23. CPA was assessed to have been at 1144:23 with a lateral separation of less than 0.6NM and vertical separation unknown."
Air Command said: "The crews of the two Texans had planned thoroughly and briefed their route in detail before launching from RAF Valley. They had checked all NOTAMs, CALFs and PINS notifications and had entered their route in CADS to ensure deconfliction with other Low Level airspace users. Despite this, they still came close to a small UAS during their sortie, and it is concerning, but not surprising, that none of the pilots in either Texan(1) or Texan(2) saw the Trinity Pro drone, given its small size.
"While HQ AIR is grateful that the Trinity Pro operator took steps to contact the MOD (RAF Valley) to notify other airspace users of their activity after the encounter, it would have been favourable if they had taken the same steps prior to starting their survey operations, as that may have reduced the risk of a Loss of Safe Separation, given that this area is very frequently used by military training aircraft (based at Valley) for Low Flying practice; if the Texan crews had known of the Trinity Proactivity they could have planned to avoid the area where the event took place thus eliminating the risk of collision."
The firm operating the Trinity Pro UAV has since changed advice for fixed wing drones - recommending that all these flights submit a NOTAM, even if they are operating below 400ft.
The Board was pleased to learn that the operator’s company policy was to be changed for the Trinity Pro to have its operations notified to both CADs and by NOTAM, although members stated that any drone operation notification at or below 400ft AGL may not be accepted in the NOTAM system.
The Board further considered that it would have been useful for the Trinity Pro pilot to have made use of the drone’s transponder during their operation, which would likely have been detected by the Texan’s EC equipment, but that this had been turned off.
They concluded: "Members agreed that neither the Texan pilot nor the Trinity Pro pilot had had situational awareness of the other aircraft, and that the Texan pilot had not seen the Trinity Pro nor had the Trinity Pro pilot seen the Texan pair until too late to react. While some members had felt that safety had been much reduced (risk B), overall, the Board agreed that, while safety had been degraded, there had been adequate lateral separation (~0.6NM) between Texan(1) and the drone. As such, the Board assigned Risk Category C to this event."
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